Brazil's most famous walled and Americanized edge city is Alphaville, in the northwest quadrant of greater Sao Paulo. Named (perversely) after the dark new world in Godard's dystopian 1965 film, Alphaville is a complete private city with a large office complex, an upscalemall, and walled residential areas - all defended by more than 800 private guards. Security is one of the main elements in its advertising and an obsession of all involved with it. In practice, this has meant vigilante justice for criminal or vagrant intruders, while Alphaville's own gilded youth are allowed to run amuck.
It is important to grasp that we are dealing here with a fundamental reorganization of metropolitan space, involving a drastic diminution of the intersections between the lives of the rich and the poor, which transcends traditional social segregation and urban fragmentation. Some Brazilian writers have recently talked about "the return to the medieval city", but the implications of middle-class secession from public space - as well as from any vestige of a shared civic life with the poor - are more radical. Rodgers, following Anthony Giddens, conceptualizes the core process as a "disembedding" of elite activities from local territorial contexts, a quasi-utopian attempt to disengage from a suffocating matrix of poverty and social violence. Laura Ruggeri (discussing Hong Kong's Palm Springs) stresses as well the contemporary quest of deracinated Third World elites for a "real imitation life", modeled on television images of a mythified Southern California, that "to succeed must be bounded - [i.e.], isolated from the ordinary landscape".
Fortified, fantasy-themed enclaves and edge cities, dis embedded from their own social landscapes but integrated into globalization's cyber-California floating in the digital ether - this brings us full circle to Philip K. Dick. In this "gilded captivity"; Jeremy Seabrook adds, the Third World urban bourgeoisie "cease to be citizens of their own country and become nomads belonging to, and owing allegiance to, a superterrestrial topography of money; they become patriots of wealth, nationalists of an elusive and golden nowhere".Back in the local world, meanwhile, the urban poor are desperately mired in the ecology of the slum.
Mike Davis
1946 - 2022
